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Julia: Difference between revisions
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Julia is a numerical computation and general purpose high-level programming language. | |||
It's standout feature is its performance which allows libraries to be written in Julia directly. | |||
In contrast, many libraries in [[R]] and [[Python]] are written in [[C]] or [[C++]] for performance purposes and accessed using Rcpp or Cython. | |||
If necessary, you can still interface with other languages. | |||
See [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Introducing_Julia Introducing Julia] for a comprehensive guide on how to program in Julia. | |||
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{{Main|Machine Learning in Julia}} | {{Main|Machine Learning in Julia}} | ||
===Object Oriented Programming=== | |||
Julia is a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_dispatch Multiple Dispatch] language.<br> | |||
You can use a <code>struct</code> in place of classes and define functions which have your struct as a parameter in place of methods.<br> | |||
For example: | |||
<syntaxhighlight lang="julia"> | |||
using Parameters | |||
# @with_kw allows default values | |||
# By default, structs are immutable. Add the mutable keyword. | |||
@with_kw mutable struct Person | |||
name | |||
age | |||
end | |||
# Outer constructor | |||
function Person(name::String, age::Int) | |||
# Do anything here | |||
# Return a new Person | |||
Person(name = name, age = age) | |||
end | |||
</syntaxhighlight> | |||
Useful functions: | |||
<pre> | |||
# Returns the type | |||
typeof("str") | |||
# Check type | |||
"str" isa String | |||
# Get the super type | |||
supertype(Int64) | |||
</pre> | |||
==Useful Packages== | ==Useful Packages== | ||
===MeshCat.jl=== | ===MeshCat.jl=== | ||
[https://github.com/rdeits/MeshCat.jl Link]<br> | [https://github.com/rdeits/MeshCat.jl Link]<br> | ||
A wrapper for graphics visualizations around three.js. This opens in a web browser but can be used for making helium apps. | A wrapper for graphics visualizations around [[three.js]]. This opens in a web browser but can be used for making helium apps. | ||
See [[Graphics in Julia]] for more details on how to use MeshCat.jl. | See [[Graphics in Julia]] for more details on how to use MeshCat.jl. | ||
===Flux=== | ===Flux=== | ||
[https://fluxml.ai Link]<br> | [https://fluxml.ai Link]<br> | ||
Flux is the | Flux is the largest machine learning library for Julia. | ||
It includes convenience features including NN layers, activation functions, and an automatic differentiation system. | It includes convenience features including NN layers, activation functions, and an automatic differentiation system. | ||
See [[Machine Learning in Julia]] for more details on how to use Flux. | See [[Machine Learning in Julia]] for more details on how to use Flux. | ||