Linux: Difference between revisions
Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
|||
| (8 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 60: | Line 60: | ||
</syntaxhighlight> | </syntaxhighlight> | ||
;Repositories | |||
Repository sources are saved in | |||
* A line in <code>/etc/apt/sources.list</code> | |||
* A file in <code>/etc/apt/sources.list.d/</code> | |||
Application desktop icons are stored in <code>/usr/share/applications/</code>. | |||
The update notifications are in <code>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/99update-notifier</code>. Comment these out to disable them.<br> | |||
Unattended-updates are in <code>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades</code>. | |||
{{hidden | dpkg | | |||
===dpkg=== | ===dpkg=== | ||
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash"> | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash"> | ||
| Line 68: | Line 80: | ||
sudo dpkg -l | grep apache | sudo dpkg -l | grep apache | ||
</syntaxhighlight> | </syntaxhighlight> | ||
}} | |||
{{hidden | yum | | |||
===yum=== | ===yum=== | ||
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash"> | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash"> | ||
| Line 77: | Line 90: | ||
yum update | yum update | ||
</syntaxhighlight> | </syntaxhighlight> | ||
}} | |||
==SSH== | ==SSH== | ||
| Line 121: | Line 128: | ||
===Disable password authentication=== | ===Disable password authentication=== | ||
# Edit <code>/etc/ssh/sshd_config</code> | |||
# Set <code>PasswordAuthentication</code> to <code>no</code> | |||
# Set <code>ChallengeResponseAuthentication</code> to <code>no</code> | |||
# Test by ssh'ing into the machine using <code>-o PreferredAuthentications=password -o PubkeyAuthentication=no</code> | |||
===Port Forwarding=== | ===Port Forwarding=== | ||
| Line 177: | Line 184: | ||
===Driver Installation=== | ===Driver Installation=== | ||
# Run <code>ubuntu-drivers list</code> to get a list of drivers | |||
# Install the latest driver | |||
#* E.g. <code>sudo apt install nvidia-driver-460</code> | |||
# If you have secure boot enabled, you will be asked for a password during installation | |||
#* This is because the driver is a DKMS module. | |||
#* After installation, reboot your computer and select "Enroll MOK" and enter that password in. | |||
#* '''Note''' Failure to do this will result in the driver not working | |||
# Validate your installation by running <code>nvidia-smi</code>. | |||
#* <code>nvidia-smi</code> shows the latest cuda version supported by the driver, not the cuda version installed. | |||
===Cuda Installation=== | ===Cuda Installation=== | ||
| Line 442: | Line 449: | ||
==Dual Booting== | ==Dual Booting== | ||
===Fix time difference between Windows=== | ===Fix time difference between Windows=== | ||
By default, Windows stores the local time in the hardware clock while Ubuntu stores UTC time. | |||
Set ubuntu to store UTC time: | |||
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash"> | <syntaxhighlight lang="bash"> | ||
timedatectl set-local-rtc | timedatectl set-local-rtc 0 --adjust-system-clock | ||
</syntaxhighlight> | </syntaxhighlight> | ||
Set Windows to store UTC time: | |||
https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/System_time#UTC_in_Microsoft_Windows | |||
===Recover GRUB after installing Windows=== | ===Recover GRUB after installing Windows=== | ||
| Line 680: | Line 692: | ||
==Encryption== | ==Encryption== | ||
For encrypting entire drives, I recommend LUKS.<br> | For encrypting entire drives, I recommend LUKS.<br> | ||
If you want encrypt a directly, you can use fscrypt. | If you want encrypt a directly, you can use fscrypt (ext4 only). | ||
Note that ecryptfs is deprecated and shouldn't be used. | |||
===Encrypt Home After Install=== | ===Encrypt Home After Install=== | ||
| Line 731: | Line 745: | ||
;Notes and Caveats | ;Notes and Caveats | ||
* <code>systemd</code> will no longer have access to your home so all startup apps should be placed elsewhere | * <code>systemd</code> will no longer have access to your home so all startup apps should be placed elsewhere | ||
** E.g. Move all startup scripts in your <code>~/bin</code> to <code>/usr/bin</code> | ** E.g. Move all startup scripts in your <code>~/.local/bin</code> to <code>/usr/local/bin</code> | ||
* <code>ssh</code> will not work until home has been decrypted since the authorized keys are in <code>~/.ssh/authorized_keys</code> | * <code>ssh</code> will not work until home has been decrypted since the authorized keys are in <code>~/.ssh/authorized_keys</code> | ||
| Line 783: | Line 797: | ||
==Network Troubleshooting== | ==Network Troubleshooting== | ||
On one of my | On one of my OptiPlex 5060 servers, the network adapter would reset on git ssh clones.<br> | ||
This would appear in <code>/var/log/syslog</code> as: | This would appear in <code>/var/log/syslog</code> as: | ||
<pre> | <pre> | ||
| Line 866: | Line 880: | ||
* -S handle sparse files efficiently | * -S handle sparse files efficiently | ||
* --numeric-ids use id instead of uid/gid | * --numeric-ids use id instead of uid/gid | ||
To copy a root partition, make sure you change the following on the new drive: | To copy a root partition, make sure you change the following on the new drive: | ||
| Line 874: | Line 887: | ||
* Run [https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair boot-repair] from a live disk if you run into any issues. | * Run [https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Boot-Repair boot-repair] from a live disk if you run into any issues. | ||
}} | }} | ||
==Ubuntu== | |||
Ubuntu-specific notes | |||
===Disable ESM message=== | |||
[https://askubuntu.com/questions/1453749/inhibit-esm-messages-at-login Reference] | |||
<syntaxhighlight lang="bash"> | |||
# Disable MOTD | |||
sudo chmod -x /etc/update-motd.d/88-esm-announce | |||
sudo chmod -x /etc/update-motd.d/91-contract-ua-esm-status | |||
# Disable APT check | |||
sudo sed -Ezi.orig \ | |||
-e 's/(def _output_esm_service_status.outstream, have_esm_service, service_type.:\n)/\1 return\n/' \ | |||
-e 's/(def _output_esm_package_alert.*?\n.*?\n.:\n)/\1 return\n/' \ | |||
/usr/lib/update-notifier/apt_check.py | |||
sudo /usr/lib/update-notifier/update-motd-updates-available --force | |||
</syntaxhighlight> | |||