New Technology Glossary: Difference between revisions

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Web3

Blockchain - distributed digital ledger
Cryptocurrency - often referred to as crypto, digital currency typically based on a blockchain
Nun-fungible Tokens (NFT) - tokens on a ledger (i.e. blockchain) which can be used to record ownership of digital items
Decentralization
Decentralized autonomous organization (DAO)
Federated applications - applications with an open protocol for interaction across different host instances
Fediverse - an alliance of federated applications: Mastodon (Twitter clone), Lemmy (Reddit clone), Matrix (Discord clone)

Virtual and Augmented Reality

Virtual Reality (VR) - a complete virtual environment. Typically associated with a VR headset.
Augmented Reality (AR) - overlaying virtual objects and interfaces into the real world. Typically done through a phone camera or upcoming AR glasses.
Mixed Reality (MR) - A subset of AR typically involving both real and virtual objects or worlds. This term is not well defined and is sometimes used as a synonym for AR.
eXtended Reality (XR) - catch all for AR, VR, and MR
Metaverse - A large virtual world or combination of multiple virtual worlds.
Hologram - A photorealistic virtual avatar or character. Or an image produced by a holographic display.
Spatial computing - Apple's own word for XR.

Technical terms

VR Headset or Head-mounted Display (HMD)
Stereoscopic VR - recording and displaying different views between the left and right eyes.
Panoramic/180/360 - images or video with a extremely wide field of view, up to the full 360 degrees which captures every direction.
Omnidirectional Stereo (ODS) - a special type of 360 video which enables stereo viewing in any direction.
Foveated Rendering - a type of rendering which prioritizes the user's gaze position and deprioritizes the peripheral for higher quality and performance.

List of Metaverse

List of some of the more well-known metaverse

Horizon Worlds - this is Meta (Facebook) metaverse
Decentraland
VR Chat
Fortnite - a video game by Epic games
Roblox - another video game
Nvidia Omniverse - a set of software platforms and tools for developing 3D assets and simulations

Artificial Intelligence

Computer Vision (CV) - area of research for understanding images and videos
Natural Language Processing (NLP) - area of research for understanding language
Robotics - planning and control, typically involving CV and RL, for drones, self-driving, humanoids.
Big Data - large sets of data, possibly high-dimensional, which are used to train neural network models
Reinforcement Learning (RL) - learning which actions to perform (policy) to achieve a goal (reward maximization), typically in games
Generative models - anything that outputs text, images, or sounds. (e.g. LLMs, GANs, Diffusion models)

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 ==Web3==
 * Blockchain - distributed digital ledger
-* Cryptocurrency - often referred to as ''crypto'', digital currency
+* Cryptocurrency - often referred to as ''crypto'', digital currency typically based on a blockchain
-* Nun-fungible Tokens (NFT) - tokens on a ledger which can be used to record ownership of digital items
+* Nun-fungible Tokens (NFT) - tokens on a ledger (i.e. blockchain) which can be used to record ownership of digital items
 * Decentralization
 * Decentralized autonomous organization (DAO)
+* Federated applications - applications with an open protocol for interaction across different host instances
+* Fediverse - an alliance of federated applications: Mastodon (Twitter clone), Lemmy (Reddit clone), Matrix (Discord clone)
 ==Virtual and Augmented Reality==
@@ Line 13: / Line 15: @@
 * eXtended Reality (XR) - catch all for AR, VR, and MR
 * Metaverse - A large virtual world or combination of multiple virtual worlds.
-* Hologram - A photorealistic virtual avatar or character. Or a 3D image produced by a holographic display.
+* Hologram - A photorealistic virtual avatar or character. Or an image produced by a holographic display.
+* Spatial computing - Apple's own word for XR.
 ===Technical terms===
 * VR Headset or Head-mounted Display (HMD)
-* Stereoscopic VR
+* Stereoscopic VR - recording and displaying different views between the left and right eyes.
-* Panoramic/180/360 Video
+* Panoramic/180/360 - images or video with a extremely wide field of view, up to the full 360 degrees which captures every direction.
-* Omnidirectional Stereo (ODS)
+* Omnidirectional Stereo (ODS) - a special type of 360 video which enables stereo viewing in any direction.
-* Foveated Rendering
+* Foveated Rendering - a type of rendering which prioritizes the user's gaze position and deprioritizes the peripheral for higher quality and performance.
 ===List of Metaverse===
 List of some of the more well-known metaverse
 * [https://www.oculus.com/horizon-worlds/ Horizon Worlds] - this is Meta (Facebook) metaverse
-* Decentraland
+* [https://decentraland.org/ Decentraland]
-* VR Chat
+* [https://hello.vrchat.com/ VR Chat]
 * Fortnite - a video game by Epic games
+* Roblox - another video game
+* [https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/omniverse/ Nvidia Omniverse] - a set of software platforms and tools for developing 3D assets and simulations
 ==Artificial Intelligence==
+* Computer Vision (CV) - area of research for understanding images and videos
+* Natural Language Processing (NLP) - area of research for understanding language
+* Robotics - planning and control, typically involving CV and RL, for drones, self-driving, humanoids.
+* Big Data - large sets of data, possibly high-dimensional, which are used to train neural network models
+* Reinforcement Learning (RL) - learning which actions to perform (policy) to achieve a goal (reward maximization), typically in games
+* Generative models - anything that outputs text, images, or sounds. (e.g. LLMs, GANs, Diffusion models)